ISC 2025 Environmental Science Question Paper for Class 12

About this paper

This is the ISC Class 12 Environmental Science paper (code 877) set by CISCE for the 2025 board examination. It carries 70 marks, runs for three hours plus fifteen minutes of reading time, and has twelve compulsory questions in three sections. Section A has fourteen one-mark items, including multiple-choice, assertion–reason, analogies and define-the-term questions. Section B has seven four-mark short answers and Section C four seven-mark long answers, with internal choices in two Section B questions and one Section C question. Many questions are case-based: plastic-free Yuksom in Sikkim, two cotton farmers in Gujarat, food-outlet logos as an example of IPR, the Forest Rights legislation, Gandhi's views on villages and the Blue Lady toxic-waste ship. This copy has the questions only.

Exam

ISC Class 12

Subject

Environmental Science

Year

2025

Paper code

877

Maximum marks

70

Time allowed

3 hours + 15 min reading

Questions

12

Pages

8

Answers included

No, questions only

Paper pattern

• Section A

  14 marks

  Question 1: 14 one-mark subparts – multiple-choice, assertion–reason, analogies, naming, expanded forms and terms

• Section B

  28 marks

  Questions 2–8, short answers of four marks each; internal choice in two questions

• Section C

  28 marks

  Questions 9–12, long answers of seven marks each; internal choice in one question

Topics covered

• Air pollution and ozone depletion
• Sustainable agriculture and food security
• Sustainable development and population theories
• Ecotourism
• Food preservation
• Soil health indicators
• Sustainable urban transport
• Gross domestic product and intellectual property rights
• Forest rights and social forestry
• Survivorship curves and demographic transition
• Deep ecology
• Toxic waste trade and the Basel Convention

Questions from this paper

1. What is sustainable development? Briefly explain any three of its principles.
2. Discuss any four methods of food preservation.
3. Discuss any two advantages and any two disadvantages of Gross Domestic Product.
4. What is demographic transition? Briefly explain any two stages of demographic transition.
5. Comment on the relevance of Gandhi's ideas of self-sufficiency of villages in the context of urban migration in India.
6. Which international treaty was signed to prohibit the movement of hazardous waste such as that carried by the ship The Blue Lady? Briefly discuss two ways in which it controls this trade.